Mother-infant bonding: The role of postpartum depression, violence, and bonding established with one's own mother during childhood.

de Souza DS, Machado WL, Guimarães LDA, Bernardi JR, da Silva CH, Goldani MZ, Bandeira DR

Infant mental health journal [Infant Ment Health J] 2024 Sep; Vol. 45 (5), pp. 529-540. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 04.

2024

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Title

Mother-infant bonding: The role of postpartum depression, violence, and bonding established with one's own mother during childhood.

Authors

de Souza DS, Machado WL, Guimarães LDA, Bernardi JR, da Silva CH, Goldani MZ, Bandeira DR

Source

Infant mental health journal [Infant Ment Health J] 2024 Sep; Vol. 45 (5), pp. 529-540. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 04.

Abstract

Mother-infant bonding is influenced by several risk and protective factors, and the literature has investigated the relationships between these factors independently. This study aimed to verify the interrelationships of some of these factors and how they influence mother-infant bonding in Brazil. In this study, 361 mothers participated, and the outcome variable of mother-infant bonding was assessed using the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ). Multivariate regression analysis was performed using a hierarchical model with three blocks structured according to the influence exerted on mother-infant bonding. The PBQ's factor scores were estimated and used in the subsequent analyses to decrease measurement error. The variable "violence experienced by mothers" was statistically significant for explaining the second block model but not significant for the third block. Network analysis was performed after multiple regression, showing that the violence experienced by mothers does not directly influence mother-infant bonding but rather is mediated by postpartum depression. This explains why violence is not significant in the hierarchical multiple regression when maternal depression is added to the model. This study's strengths lie in its utilization of PBQ factor scores and network analysis, enabling the estimation of conditional relationships among variables. This approach provides deeper insights into factors affecting mother-infant bonding.
(© 2024 Michigan Association for Infant Mental Health.)

Language

English

Journal Info

Publisher: Human Sciences Press] Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8007859 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1097-0355 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01639641 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Infant Ment Health J Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH Terms

Depression, Postpartum*/psychology , Mother-Child Relations*/psychology , Object Attachment* , Mothers*/psychology, Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Infant ; Brazil ; Young Adult ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Violence/psychology ; Male

Update Code

20250114

Database	MEDLINE
Publication Type	Journal Article
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Contributed Indexing	Keywords: Gewalt; Mutter‐Säuglings‐Bindung; Risikofaktoren; Schutzfaktoren; depresión posterior al parto; factores de protección; factores de riesgo; mother‐infant bonding; postpartale Depression; postpartum depression; protective factors; risk factors; unión afectiva madre‐infante; violence; violencia; الكلمات المفتاحيةالترابط بين الأم والرضيع، اكتئاب ما بعد الولادة، عوامل الخطر، العوامل الوقائية، العنف; リスク因子; 产后抑郁症; 保护因素; 保護因子; 关键词:母婴关系; 危险因素; 暴力; 母‐子ボンディング; 産後うつ Local Abstract: [Publisher, Spanish; Castilian] Varios factores de riesgo y de protección ejercen influencia sobre la unión afectiva madre‐infante; la literatura disponible ha investigado las relaciones entre estos factores de una manera independiente. Este estudio se propuso verificar las interrelaciones de algunos de estos factores y cómo ellos influyen en la unión afectiva madre‐infante. Se consultó un total de 361 madres y el variable resultado de afectividad madre‐infante se evaluó por medio del Cuestionario de Afectividad de Postparto (PBQ). Se llevaron a cabo análisis de regresión multivariados usando un modelo jerárquico con tres estructuras de bloques de acuerdo con la influencia ejercida sobre la unión afectiva madre‐infante. Se estimaron y usaron los puntajes de factores del PBQ en los análisis subsecuentes para disminuir el error en la medida. La variable “violencia experimentada por las madres” fue estadísticamente significativa para explicar el segundo modelo de bloque, pero no significativa para el tercer bloque. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de interrelaciones después de la regresión múltiple, demostrando que la violencia experimentada por las madres no influye directamente la afectividad madre‐infante, sino que la misma es mediada por la depresión posterior al parto. Esto explica por qué la violencia no es significativa en la jerárquica regresión múltiple cuando la depresión materna se le agrega al modelo. Entre los puntos fuertes de este estudio se incluye el uso de los puntajes de factores del PBQ y el análisis de interrelaciones, lo cual permitió que se estimaran las relaciones condicionales existente dentro del grupo de variables, aportando una mayor comprensión de algunos factores que interfieren en la unión afectiva madre‐infante. [Publisher, German] Die Mutter‐Kind‐Bindung wird von mehreren Risiko‐ und Schutzfaktoren beeinflusst und die Literatur hat die Zusammenhänge zwischen diesen Faktoren unabhängig voneinander untersucht. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Zusammenhänge zwischen einigen dieser Faktoren und deren Einfluss auf die Mutter‐Kind‐Bindung zu verifizieren. Insgesamt wurden 361 Mütter angefragt. Die Outcome‐Variable der Mutter‐Kind‐Bindung wurde durch den Fragebogen zur postpartalen Bindung (PBQ) beurteilt. Die multivariate Regressionsanalyse wurde anhand eines hierarchischen Modells mit drei Blöcken durchgeführt, die nach dem Einfluss auf die Mutter‐Kind‐Bindung gegliedert waren. Die Faktorwerte des PBQ wurden geschätzt und in den nachfolgenden Analysen verwendet, um den Messfehler zu verringern. Die Variable “Gewalterfahrung der Mütter” war statistisch signifikant für die Erklärung des zweiten Blockmodells, aber nicht signifikant für den dritten Block. Nach der multiplen Regression wurde eine Netzwerkanalyse durchgeführt, die zeigte, dass die von den Müttern erlebte Gewalt keinen direkten Einfluss auf die Mutter‐Kind‐Bindung hat, sondern vielmehr durch die postpartale Depression mediiert wird. Dies erklärt, warum Gewalt in der hierarchischen Mehrfachregression nicht signifikant ist, wen mütterliche Depression dem Modell hinzugefügt wird. Zu den Stärken dieser Studie gehören die Verwendung der PBQ‐Faktorwerte und die Netzwerkanalyse, die es ermöglichten, die in der Variablengruppe bestehenden bedingten Zusammenhänge zu schätzen, was zu einem besseren Verständnis einiger Faktoren führte, die die Mutter‐Kind‐Bindung beeinträchtigen. [Publisher, Japanese] 母‐子のボンディングは多様な危険因子と保護因子の影響を受けており、これまで文献ではこれらの因子間の関係について個別に検証が行われてきた。本研究は、これらの因子の複数についての相互関係とそれらが母‐子ボンディングに与える影響を検証することを目的とした。計361名の母親を対象とし、産後ボンディング質問票 (PBQ) によって評価された母‐子ボンディングを結果変数とした。多変量回帰分析は、母‐子ボンディングに及ぼす影響に従って構造化された3つのブロックからなる階層モデルを用いて行った。PBQの因子得点は、測定誤差を減らすために推定の後、解析に用いた。変数「母親が経験した暴力」は、2番目のブロックモデルの説明には統計的に有意であったが、3番目のブロックでは有意ではなかった。重回帰の後にネットワーク解析を行ったところ、母親が経験した暴力は母‐子ボンディングに直接影響せず、むしろ産後うつによって媒介されることが示された。このことは、母親のうつをモデルに加えた場合、暴力が階層的重回帰で有意でない理由を説明している。本研究の長所としては、PBQの因子得点とネットワーク解析を用いることで、変数の集合に存在する条件付き関係を推定することができ、母‐子ボンディングを阻害するいくつかの要因についてより深い理解を提供することができた。. [Publisher, Chinese] 摘要:母婴关系受到多种危险因素和保护因素的影响, 相关文献已经独立研究了这些因素之间的关系。本研究旨在验证其中一些因素之间的相互关系, 以及它们对母婴关系的影响。共有361位母亲参与了本研究, 母婴关系的结果变量由“产后情感关系问卷” (PBQ) 评估。采用分层模型进行了多元回归分析, 按照对母婴关系产生影响的程度, 将其分为三个模块。估算并使用PBQ的因子得分进行后续分析, 以减少测量误差。变量”母亲经历的暴力“在解释第二模块模型时具有统计学显著性, 但对于第三模块则不显著。在多元回归之后进行了网络分析, 显示”母亲经历的暴力“并不直接影响母婴关系, 而是由产后抑郁症介导。这解释了为什么在模型中添加了母亲抑郁症时, 暴力在分层多元回归中并不显著。本研究的优势包括使用PBQ的因子得分和网络分析, 这使得能够估计变量集中存在的条件关系, 从而更好地理解一些干扰母婴关系的因素。. [Publisher, Arabic] يتأثر الارتباط بين الأم والرضيع بعدة عوامل خطر وعوامل وقائية، وقد بحثت الأدبيات في العلاقات بين هذه العوامل بطريقة مستقلة. هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التحقق من العلاقات المتبادلة بين بعض هذه العوامل وكيفية تأثيرها على الترابط بين الأم والرضيع. اشترك عدد 361 من الأمهات في الدراسة ، وتم تقييم نتائج الترابط بين الأم والرضيع بواسطة استبيان الترابط بعد الولادة(PBQ) وإجراء تحليل الانحدار متعدد المتغيرات باستخدام نموذج هرمي مكون من ثلاث كتل منظمة وفقاً للتأثير الذي يمارس على الترابط بين الأم والرضيع. كما تم تقدير درجات عاملPBQ واستخدامها في التحليلات اللاحقة لتقليل خطأ القياس. أظهر متغير “العنف الذي تتعرض له الأمهات” دلالة إحصائية في تفسير نموذج الكتلة الثانية ولكنه لم يكن ذا دلالة إحصائية في الكتلة الثالثة. تم إجراء تحليل الشبكة بعد الانحدار المتعدد، مما أسفر عن نتيجة أن العنف الذي تعاني منه الأمهات لا يؤثر بشكل مباشر على الترابط بين الأم والرضيع بل يتوسطه اكتئاب ما بعد الولادة. وهذا ما يفسر سبب عدم أهمية العنف في الانحدار الهرمي المتعدد عند إضافة اكتئاب الأم إلى النموذج. تشمل نقاط القوة في هذه الدراسة استخدام درجات عاملPBQ وتحليل الشبكة، مما مكن من تقدير العلاقات الشرطية الموجودة في مجموعة المتغيرات، مما يوفر فهماً أكبر لبعض العوامل التي تتداخل في الترابط بين الأم والرضيع.
DOI	10.1002/imhj.22126
PMID	38837243

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