Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Vitamin D.

International journal of molecular sciences [Int J Mol Sci] 2025 May 11; Vol. 26 (10). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 May 11.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a multifactorial disease in which environmental factors and genetic predisposition interact to induce an autoimmune response against pancreatic β-cells. Vitamin D promotes immune tolerance through immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory functions. The aim of this study is to provide a narrative review about the association between vitamin D status in the pathogenesis of T1DM and the role of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention and treatment of T1DM. Although vitamin D deficiency is more prevalent in children/adolescents with new-onset T1DM than in healthy individuals, there does not appear to be an association between vitamin D status before diagnosis and the onset of T1DMD later in life. The results of vitamin D as adjuvant therapy have, at best, a positive short-term effect in newly diagnosed T1DM patients. Intervention studies have been conducted in the clinical phase of T1DM, but it would be desirable to do so in the early stages of the autoimmune process (pre-diabetes).

English

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1*/etiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1*/drug therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1*/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1*/immunology , Vitamin D*/therapeutic use , Vitamin D*/metabolism , Vitamin D Deficiency*/complications , Vitamin D Deficiency*/drug therapy, Humans ; Dietary Supplements ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/immunology

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