TIM-1, lung adenocarcinoma, prognosis, tumor microenvironment, tumor-draining lymph nodes, tertiary lymphoid structure, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607

BackgroundT-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 1 (TIM-1) has been identified as a promoter of tumor cell viability, migration, and invasion. However, the precise role and distribution characteristics of TIM-1 within the tumor microenvironment (TME) remain critical areas of investigation.MethodsIn this study, multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) was performed on tissue slides from 126 patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) to investigate the distribution patterns of TIM-1 and the prognostic significance of three TIM-1 positive immune cell populations in both the primary tumor and tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLN).ResultsCompared to the primary tumor, TIM-1+CD8+T cells and TIM-1+B cells exhibited significantly greater density in the TDLN (p