Objective To analyze the characteristics of mortality cases of hospitalized children in a pediatric hospital in Tianjin from 2009 to2023.Methods Medical records of hospitalized children in a pediatric hospital in Tianjin from 2009 to 2023 were collected and the gender, age, disease system, and type of death disease from 2009 to 2013, 2014 to 2018, and 2019 to 2023 were analyzed.Results From 2009 to 2023, there were 678 145 hospitalized children, of whom 876 died, the mortality rate was 0.13%. And the mortality rates for the three time periods were 0.28%, 0.16%, and 0.06%, respectively, showing a decreasing trend (χ2=383.962, P