Summary: Adducin 1 (Add1) is known as a membrane cytoskeletal protein, but its nuclear function remains unclear. In this study, we generated add1-deficient zebrafish to investigate its role in hematopoiesis. Lack of add1 impaired both primitive and definitive hematopoiesis, preventing healthy erythrocyte development. RNA sequencing revealed activation of the p53 pathway in add1-depleted erythroblast cells, leading to apoptosis at the 14-somites stage and 24 hpf. Interestingly, partial rescue of the anemic phenotype and apoptosis was observed with p53 insufficiency. Mechanistically, ADD1 was found to regulate promoter activity. These findings demonstrate that Add1 plays a crucial role in zebrafish erythropoiesis, involving the p53-mediated apoptotic pathway, expanding its regulatory role beyond cytoskeletal functions.