Low back pain, Exercise intervention, Effect size, Meta-analysis, Randomized controlled trial, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935

Abstract Objective To validate the effectiveness of six exercise therapies in treating low back pain using Meta-analysis methods, and to propose optimal exercise duration, frequency, and cycle. Methods Databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Data, and SinoMed were searched. The RevMan 5.4 tool was utilized to conduct subgroup analyses on eight moderating variables, including types of exercise, duration, frequency, cycle, sample size, study quality, outcome indicator, and comparisons of different intervention methods with the control group from 42 included studies. Random effects models were employed to test for overall effects, heterogeneity, and bias. Results The overall effect size for six exercise therapies for low back pain was significant (SMD= -1.21, P 4 times/week (SMD= -1.56, P