Chemical evolution characteristics and influencing factors of groundwater in the saline and fresh water funnel area in Hengshui City, North China

2025

Scientific Reports, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2025)

Abstract Both over-exploitation and exploitation reduction of groundwater can alter the conditions of groundwater recharge and discharge, thereby impacting the overall quality of groundwater. This study utilizes hydrogeochemical methods and statistical analysis to explore the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of groundwater chemistry in the saline-freshwater funnel area of Hengshui City under exploitation reduction. The results showed that: With the exception of the deep freshwater funnel area in the western region, which exhibits a trend of water quality deterioration (Cl− accounted for more than 25%), groundwater quality in the other funnel areas demonstrates an improving trend (HCO $$_{3}^{-}$$ accounted for more than 25%). The origins of hydrochemical components in the groundwater of the two types of funnel areas are influenced by rock weathering. Only the shallow saline water funnel area in the eastern region is impacted by evaporation. And groundwater hydraulic conditions play a distinct role in controlling the evolution of water chemistry in different types of funnel areas. It is mainly manifested in changing the water-rock reaction speed in the two types of funnel areas and diluting the groundwater ion concentration in the funnel area.

article

English

Nature Portfolio, 2025.

Groundwater exploitation reduction, Groundwater funnel area, Hydrochemistry, Influencing factors, Medicine, Science