Three Pedicularis L. species, P. alatauica Stadlm. ex Vved., P. compacta Steph. ex Willd. and P. pubiflora Vved. (Orobanchaceae), are newly recorded from China. The name Pedicularis compacta is typified and the data on the types of the other two species are given. Comments on important taxonomic features and related species are provided; the distribution map in Xinjiang is given, and the general distribution is outlined.