The article considers the multimodal action of the melatonin drug Melaxen®, namely, its adaptogenic, biorythmogenic, hypnotic, heroprotective, immunostimulant, and antioxidant effects. The role of melatonin in the treatment of various diseases of the central nervous system is defined. The results of the author's study of establishing the daily rhythm of cerebral blood flow in case of chronic brain ischemia and recommended regimens for desynchronosis underlying cerebrovascular disturbances are demonstrated.