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Omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid biomarkers and sleep: a pooled analysis of cohort studies On behalf of the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCE).
Murphy, Rachel A, Tintle, Nathan, Harris, William S, Darvishian, Maryam, Marklund, Matti, Virtanen, Jyrki K, Hantunen, Sari, de Mello, Vanessa D, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Lindström, Jaana, Bolt, Matthew A, Brouwer, Ingeborg A, Wood, Alexis C, Senn, Mackenzie, Redline, Susan, Tsai, Michael Y, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Lindberg, Eva, Shadyab, Aladdin H, Liu, Buyun, Carnethon, Mercedes, Uusitupa, Matti, Djousse, Luc, Risérus, Ulf, Lind, Lars, van Dam, Rob M, Koh, Woon-Puay, Shi, Peilin, Siscovick, David, Lemaitre, Rozenn N, Mozaffarian, Dariush
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 115(3):864-876
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| Title | Omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid biomarkers and sleep: a pooled analysis of cohort studies On behalf of the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCE). |
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| Authors | Murphy, Rachel A, Tintle, Nathan, Harris, William S, Darvishian, Maryam, Marklund, Matti, Virtanen, Jyrki K, Hantunen, Sari, de Mello, Vanessa D, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Lindström, Jaana, Bolt, Matthew A, Brouwer, Ingeborg A, Wood, Alexis C, Senn, Mackenzie, Redline, Susan, Tsai, Michael Y, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Lindberg, Eva, Shadyab, Aladdin H, Liu, Buyun, Carnethon, Mercedes, Uusitupa, Matti, Djousse, Luc, Risérus, Ulf, Lind, Lars, van Dam, Rob M, Koh, Woon-Puay, Shi, Peilin, Siscovick, David, Lemaitre, Rozenn N, Mozaffarian, Dariush |
| Source |
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 115(3):864-876
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| Description |
BACKGROUND: n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have physiologic roles in sleep processes, but little is known regarding circulating n-3 and n-6 PUFA and sleep parameters.OBJECTIVES: To assess associations between biomarkers of n-3 and n-6 PUFA intake with self-reported sleep duration and difficulty falling sleeping in the Fatty Acids and Outcome Research Consortium.METHODS: Harmonized, de novo, individual-level analyses were performed and pooled across 12 cohorts. Participants were between 35 to 96 years old and from 5 nations. Circulating measures included alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), EPA + DPA + DHA, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid. Sleep duration (10 cohorts, N = 18,791) was categorized as short (≤6 hours), 7-8 hours (reference) or long (9 + hours). Difficulty falling sleeping (8 cohorts, N = 12,500) was categorized as yes or no. Associations between PUFAs, sleep duration, and difficulty falling sleeping were assessed by cross-sectional multinomial logistic regression using standardized protocols and covariates. Cohort-specific multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) per quintile of PUFAs were pooled with inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis.RESULTS: In pooled analysis adjusted for sociodemographics and health status, participants with higher very long-chain n-3 PUFAs were less likely to have long sleep duration. Comparing top vs. bottom quintiles, the multivariable-adjusted OR (95% confidence interval, CI) for long-sleep was 0.78 (0.65, 0.95) for DHA and for EPA + DPA + DHA, 0.76 (0.63, 0.93). Significant associations were not identified for ALA and n-6 PUFA with short sleep duration, or difficulty falling sleeping.CONCLUSIONS: Participants with higher levels of very long-chain n-3 PUFAs were less likely to have long sleep duration. While objective biomarkers reduce recall bias and misclassification, the cross-sectional design limits assessment of the temporal nature of this relationship. These novel findings across 12 cohorts highlight the need for experimental and biological assessments of very long-chain n-3 PUFAs and sleep duration.
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