The article focuses on the significance of comminution in mining and mineral processing, emphasizing its role in liberating valuable minerals for extraction. It discusses various studies that explore the optimization of comminution processes, including blasting, crushing, and milling, while addressing challenges such as energy consumption and ore characteristics. Key contributions include the assessment of blast design parameters for improved circuit performance, the influence of mineral properties on ore breakage, and the development of a digital twin for laboratory ball mills to enhance milling efficiency. The research aims to provide insights that can benefit both the mining industry and academic research in mineral processing. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Minerals (2075-163X) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)