Publisher: Springer-Verlag Country of Publication: Austria NLM ID: 7808782 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1436-5073 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00263672 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mikrochim Acta Subsets: MEDLINE

Monophenol Monooxygenase*/metabolism , Monophenol Monooxygenase*/chemistry , Deep Eutectic Solvents*/chemistry , Guaiacol*/analysis , Guaiacol*/analogs & derivatives , Biosensing Techniques*/methods, Electrodes ; Electrochemical Techniques/methods ; Electrochemical Techniques/instrumentation ; Wine/analysis ; Gases/chemistry ; Gases/analysis ; Enzymes, Immobilized/chemistry ; Enzymes, Immobilized/metabolism ; Paper ; Limit of Detection

Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
The use of environmentally friendly, cost-effective and biodegradable deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as nonaqueous solvents and electrolytes offers a promising avenue for enhancing enzymatic sensors and extending their applicability to the gas phase. In this study, an assembly is presented that includes a paper crown modified with tyrosinase enzyme, soaked in a DES and positioned on a disposable screen-printed carbon electrode. The paper crown contacts the outer edge of the carbon disk working electrode, as well as the peripheral counter and reference electrodes. This assembly yields a portable and disposable electrochemical platform, effortlessly immobilising DESs onto a porous and economical supporting material like paper. Moreover, the entire configuration resulted in a sensitive, rapidly responsive, membrane-free gas sensor whose response time depended exclusively on the enzymatic reaction. The electroanalytical capabilities of this setup were evaluated through voltammetric and amperometric determinations of phenols in synthetic and real wine samples. The proposed gas enzymatic sensor demonstrated excellent analytical performance for detecting phenolic compounds, offering fast measurement times, simple operation, high sensitivity, wide linear range and good repeatability.
(© 2025. The Author(s).)