Refrigerated truck, Numerical simulation, Air flow and heat transfer, Turbulence model, Efficiency, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040

This study employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to analyze airflow and heat transfer in refrigerated trucks, comparing two turbulence models: the BSL k-ω and SST k-ω. Optimal simulation parameters were determined through validation, including a convergence criterion of 10−4 and a time step of 0.1 s. The analysis incorporates both iterative (ITA) and non-iterative time-advancement (NITA) schemes to assess computational efficiency. The research aims to compare the accuracy and efficiency of the BSL k-ω and the SST k-ω models, establish an optimal numerical method for reliable simulations, and evaluate the computational benefits of NITA over traditional ITA schemes. This work provides the first systematic comparison of the BSL k-ω and the SST k-ω models for refrigerated truck applications, demonstrating significant computational savings through model selection and NITA implementation. The study also quantifies the impact of turbulent viscosity differences on convergence behavior. Both k-ω models accurately predict the overall temperature field, aligning well with experimental data despite minor local discrepancies. The BSL k-ω model converges faster than the SST k-ω model due to its larger turbulent viscosity, reducing computational cost by 33.1 %. The NITA scheme further cuts simulation time to 61.3 % of the ITA scheme's duration (690 min) when combined with the BSL k-ω model. These findings provide valuable insights for improving the efficiency of refrigerated trucks’ design and optimization.