аллювиальные луговые темноцветные почвы, петрографический состав, минералогический состав, глинистые минералы, биогенные элементы, Agriculture

Results of research of petrographic and mineralogical structure of alluvial meadow dark-coloured soils are resulted. Studying soil parts has allowed to receive the qualitative and quantitative characteristic of clay minerals. Their influence on physical properties is established. At an intensive irrigation of cultivated cultures mobili-sation possibilities of K and other biogene elements from soil decrease.