血管性认知障碍, 脑小血管病, 多模态磁共振, 自动分割, vascular cognitive impairment, cerebral small vessel disease, multimodality magnetic resonance, automatic segmentation, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429

血管性认知障碍（vascular cognitive impairment，VCI）包括从轻度认知功能受损到痴呆的 各种程度的认知功能受损，伴随着脑结构和脑功能的变化。磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging， MRI）作为一种广泛应用的诊断工具，可以无创地观察患者脑组织的变化。结合自动分割算法，对采集 到的MRI数据进行分类，在识别血管性认知障碍方面具有广泛的应用前景。本文对近年来MRI在诊断 血管性认知障碍方面的研究进展和新技术进行综述。 Abstract: Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) includes impaired cognition of various degrees from mild cognitive impairment to dementia, with changes in brain structure and brain function. As a widely used diagnostic tool, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can non-invasively observe changes in brain tissue of patients. Combining automatic segmentation algorithms to classify the acquired MRI data has broad application prospects in identifying vascular cognitive impairment. This article reviewed recent advances in MRI in the diagnosis of vascular cognitive impairment.