The article explores two main areas of the policy of the Russian Empire in the Caucasus at the end of the 18th century. Addressing this prob
The article explores two main areas of the policy of the Russian Empire in the Caucasus at the end of the 18th century. Addressing this problem allows us to consider the management mechanisms by which a pro-Russian policy was carried out aimed at integrating the region into the Russian state. The author sets a goal to reveal the interaction of two main areas related to the foreign and domestic policies of the Russian Empire in the Caucasus. The relevance of the study is due to interest in this problem from the research audience. The purpose. The main goal of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the foreign and domestic policies of the Russian state in the Caucasus by the end of the 18th century. Based on the purpose of the study, the tasks associated with the study of the main directions in Caucasian politics are outlined. Method or methodology of the work. The methodological base of the article is based on the principles and methods of historical research. In the course of the work, two principles were applied: scientific and historicism. The article was prepared on the basis of collections of documents and literature on this issue with the involvement of legislative acts from the Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire. Exploring the policy of Russia in the Caucasus, it is hardly possible to ignore the work of Soviet researchers M.M. Bliev, T.Kh. Kumykov, N.A. Smirnov, A.V. Fadeev, etc., as well as contemporary authors Z.M. Blieva, V.V. Degoev, E.I. Kabakhidze, A.S. Kandrashov, G.N. Malakhova, etc., who in their works examined in detail many questions regarding the specifics of Russian policy in the region. Results. The study examined historical events related to the peculiarities of the military-political rivalry of Turkey, Iran and Russia, for establishing their control over the main water and land routes, which reveals the geopolitical and economic importance of this territory. Addressing this problem allows us to consider the management mechanisms by which a pro-Russian policy was pursued in the Caucasus aimed at integrating the region into the Russian state. Particular attention is paid to the foreign policy situation in the Caucasus; changes in approaches to managing it after strengthening the positions of Russia are indicated. As a result of the study, the author concludes that the Russian Empire, in order to consolidate territorial acquisitions in the Ciscaucasia, should continue to strengthen its position in the region. For this, ten more fortifications were built to the already existing Kizlyar-Mozdok line, which formed the basis of the Azov-Mozdok line. By the end of the XVIII – first quarter of the XIX century. Fortresses of the Caucasian defensive line closed the Caucasian border from sea to sea, becoming strong outposts for securing and developing the southern lands of the Russian state. Culminated in the establishment by 1785 of the First Caucasian Viceroyalty. Scope of the results. The results of this article can be used in the research activities of historians, graduate students, university professors, students, as well as researchers and readers interested in the history of the Caucasus and Russia as a whole.
