children, epilepsy, anti-seizure medications, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, vitamin D supplementation, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641

PurposeThis study aims to compare the difference in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels between children with epilepsy and healthy children and to assess its potential influencing factors.MethodsFor comparison, we retrospectively collected data on 1,002 children with epilepsy who visited the Department of Neurology at the Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Additionally, we included 127 healthy children who underwent routine health examinations at our hospital’s Health Examination Center. This study also incorporated 98 recently diagnosed epilepsy patients who had not yet received treatment with anti-seizure medications (ASMs) as a source of baseline data. Demographic information and laboratory test results were retrieved from the hospital information system. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, the Mann–Whitney test, the Fisher’s exact test, odds ratios (OR), Spearman or Pearson correlation coefficients, and post-hoc analysis were used to conduct statistical analysis.ResultsHealthy children exhibited significantly higher serum levels of HDL-C compared to children with epilepsy and the baseline values. Notably, a higher percentage of children with epilepsy exhibited a low HDL-C levels (