The aim of the research – to carry out an analytical review of modern sources of scientific literature, covering pathogenesis of gestational diabetes. Materials and methods. The analysis of 47 domestic and foreign sources of literature on this topic. Results. Based on the results of the analysis of scientific data, the understanding of the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes. Conclusion. Gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with adverse outcomes for fetal matter, but timely treatment can reduce these risks.