BackgroundAn intelligence-enabled clinical decision support system (CDSS) is a computerized system that integrates medical knowledge, patient data, and clinical guidelines to assist health care providers make clinical decisions. Research studies have shown that CDSS utilization rates have not met expectations. Clinicians’ intentions and their attitudes determine the use and promotion of CDSS in clinical practice. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to enhance the successful utilization of CDSS by analyzing the pivotal factors that influence clinicians’ intentions to adopt it and by putting forward targeted management recommendations. MethodsThis study proposed a research model grounded in the task-technology fit model and the technology acceptance model, which was then tested through a cross-sectional survey. The measurement instrument comprised demographic characteristics, multi-item scales, and an open-ended query regarding areas where clinicians perceived the system required improvement. We leveraged structural equation modeling to assess the direct and indirect effects of “task-technology fit” and “perceived ease of use” on clinicians’ intentions to use the CDSS when mediated by “performance expectation” and “perceived risk.” We collated and analyzed the responses to the open-ended question. ResultsWe collected a total of 247 questionnaires. The model explained 65.8% of the variance in use intention. Performance expectations (β=0.228; P