heart disease, surgery, pressure injury, risk factors, evaluation tools, 心脏疾病, 手术, 压力性损伤, 风险因素, 评估工具, Nursing, RT1-120

Heart disease is an important cause of death worldwide, and surgery is an important means to treat heart disease. With the progress of science and technology, the success rate of cardiac surgery has increased significantly, but intraoperative complications are still a problem that needs attention. As a serious complication, intraoperative acquired pressure injury will not only prolong the hospital stay, but also increase the psychological burden and medical cost of patients. Patients undergoing surgery for heart disease are more vulnerable to the development of IAPI, as long term postural fixation and tissue compression during operation. Therefore, timely identification and assessment of high-risk patients is critical to developing an effective care plan. The aim of this paper is to review the recent research progress on the risk factors and assessment tools of intraoperative pressure injury in patients with heart disease, in order to provide guidance for the prevention of intraoperative pressure injury in patients with heart disease. (心脏疾病是导致全球死亡的重要原因, 而手术是治疗心脏疾病的重要手段。随着科学技术的进步, 心脏手术的成功率显著提高, 然而术中并发症仍然是需要重视的问题。术中获得性压力性损伤(IAPI)作为一种严重的并发症, 不仅会延长住院时间, 还会增加患者的心理负担和医疗费用。心脏疾病手术患者是发生IAPI的高风险人群, 术中长期的体位固定和手术操作过程中的组织受压, 均可能导致IAPI的发生。IAPI是评估手术患者护理服务质量的重要指标, 及时识别和评估高风险患者对于制定有效的护理计划至关重要。本研究综述近年来关于心脏疾病患者IAPI风险因素及评估工具的研究进展, 以期为预防心脏疾病患者IAPI提供指导。)