The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation products (LAP) and frailty index (FI) in older Americans. Based on data from the 2007–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), the study population consisted of 3,396 older adults aged 60 years and older with a mean age of 69.48 ± 6.76 years. The findings of weighted multivariate regression analysis demonstrated a strong correlation between the prevalence of frailty prevalence and greater VAI and LAP. In the fully adjusted model, the association of VAI with frailty remained significant, with an OR of 1.49 (95% CI: 1.26, 1.77; p