hemodialysis, constipation, traditional chinese medicine external treatment, chronic kidney disease, traditional chinese medicine nursing, 血液透析, 便秘, 中医外治法, 慢性肾脏病, 中医护理, Nursing, RT1-120

Hemodialysis is an effective treatment for patients with chronic kidney disease. However, variable factors such as fluid restriction, low calcium ion concentration, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and other issues may increase the risk of constipation during hemodialysis. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) external treatment has the advantages of convenience, significant effectiveness, and fewer adverse reactions. In recent years, TCM external treatment techniques have been used to relieve constipation symptoms in hemodialysis patients, and most frequently used techniques included auricular pressing, acupoint application, TCM enema, intradermal needles, acupuncture, moxa stick moxibustion, constipation massage, TCM hot compress packs, acupoint massage, and TCM external treatment combination therapy. This paper reviewed studies on TCM external treatment in relieving constipation in hemodialysis patients, and provided reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of constipation after hemodialysis. (慢性肾脏病患者多通过血液透析改善病情, 但由于限制饮水、钙离子丢失、胃肠功能紊乱等原因, 常伴有便秘的发生。中医外治法具有方便易行、效果显著、不良反应少等优势, 近年来, 中医外治法改善便秘多采用耳穴压丸、穴位贴敷、中药灌肠、皮内针、针刺法、艾条灸、便秘推拿、中药热奄包、穴位按摩等以及中医外治联合治疗。本文对中医外治法在血液透析便秘患者中的应用进行总结, 为临床诊治提供参考。)