Abstract Azvudine is recommended as a priority treatment for patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) during Omicron wave in China, but its efficacy and safety in elderly patients is unknown. In this multicenter, retrospective study, we identified 19763 elderly patients (aged over 60 years) with COVID‐19 from nine hospitals in Henan Province, China. The primary outcome is all‐cause death and the secondary outcome is composite disease progression. After propensity score matching, 4109 Azvudine recipients and 4109 matched controls is included, with average age of 75.15 years. Kaplan–Meier analysis reveales a notably survival and progression‐free benefit in Azvudine treatment. The Cox analysis shows that compared with controls, Azvudine recipients have a 33% lower risk of all‐cause death (95% confidence Interval (CI): 0.580–0.772, p