Occurrence and distribution of endemit and relic fauna of the Big Caucasus are considered in the paper. The greatest role in occurence of xerophilic endemits of the Northern Caucasus (genera Calyptopsis, Hedyphanes, Caenoblaps, Nalassus) have subarid intermountain hollows and isolated xerophitic valleys of the East and Central Caucasus. Endemit xerophilic fauna is not presented on southern spurs of the Big Caucasus because of absence of subarid hollows. Wood mesophilic endemics are presented by species of Nalassus and Laena. They are distributed onthe Northern Caucasus from the Black Sea coast to isolated woods of Northern Ossetia. Endemit and mesophil species of southern slopes of the Big Caucasus are distributed to its east part. Hyrcan relic species are distributed in relic woods of Northeast Azerbaijan and Southern Dagestan: Laena hirtipes, Formicidae (Panerinae). The ist of endemits and relic Tenebrionidae of the Big Caucasus submitted in the work. The name Cylindronotus czercazzorum Abdurakhmanov, 1988 is nomen nudum.