active matrix display, gate driver, shift register, thin-film transistor, low cost, scanning pulse generation, Mechanical engineering and machinery, TJ1-1570

Many advanced technologies have been employed in high-performance active matrix displays, including liquid crystal displays, organic light-emitting diode displays, and micro-light-emitting diode displays. On the other side, there exists a strong demand for cost reduction, and it is one of the low-cost schemes for integrating the driver circuit in a panel based on thin-film transistor technologies. This paper reviews the overall concept, operation principles, and various circuit approaches in shift registers for scanning pulse generation. In addition, it deals with the implementation of additional functionalities in gate drivers to support pixel compensation, multi-line driving, in-cell capacitive touch screen, pixel sensing, and adaptive scanning region control.